Common Functional Groups
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There are a number of other arrangements of atoms within molecules that tend to give different properties to the molecules. The name given to these arrangements is functionalities or functional groups.
The table below lists the main functional groups.
| alkene |  |
| alkyne |  |
| arene |  |
| halide - chloride, fluoride, bromide, iodide |  |
| alcohol |  |
| ether |  |
| amine |  |
| nitrile |  |
| nitro |  |
| sulfide |  |
| {sulfoxide, sulfone} |  |
| thiol (aka mercaptan) |  |
| aldehyde |  |
| ketone |  |
| carboxylic acid |  |
| ester |  |
| amide |  |
| acid chloride |  |
| acid anhydride |  |
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